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Revolta da Armada
The Brazilian Naval Revolts, or the Revoltas da Armada (in Portuguese), were armed mutinies promoted mainly by Admirals Custódio José de Melo and Saldanha Da Gama and their fleet of Brazilian Navy ships against the unconstitutional staying in power of the central government in Rio de Janeiro.〔Smith, Joseph "Brazil and the United States; convergence and divergence" University of Georgia Press 2010, page 39〕 The Brazilian government received support from the United States, although military involvement was minor during the conflict.
==First revolt==
In November 1891, President Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, amid a political crisis compounded by the effects of an economic crisis, in flagrant violation of the new constitution, decided to "solve" the political crisis by ordering the closure of Congress, supported mainly by Paulista oligarchy. The Navy, still resented by circumstances and outcomes of the coup that had put an end to the monarchy in Brazil,〔Smallman; Shall C. ''Fear & Memory in the Brazilian Army & Society, 1889–1954'' The University of North Carolina Press 2002 ISBN 0807853593 Page 20 2nd paragraph〕 under the leadership of Admiral Custódio José de Melo, rose up and threatened to bombard the town of Rio de Janeiro, then capital of the Republic. To avoid a civil war, Marshal Deodoro resigned the presidency in November 23.〔Joseph Smith; ''Brazil and the United States: Convergence and Divergence'' University of Georgia Press 2010, page 38, 2nd paragraph〕
With the resignation of Deodoro, after just nine months from the beginning of his administration, the vice president, Floriano Peixoto, took office (1892). The 1891 Constitution, however, provided for a new election if the presidency or vice-presidency became vacant sooner than two years in office. The opposition then accused Floriano of staying as head of the nation illegally.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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